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1. what is bio-printing?
2. Advantages and disadvantage
3.The major component of bioprinting
4.Company and products
5.Development cost
6.Future use and Technology
7.How prevalent will the technology become?
8.Barriers to adoption
What is bio-printing?
It uses printing devices that deposit biological materials.
Bio-printing constructs 3D artificial tissues by computer devices.Bio-printing
technology is developed by Gabor Forgacs, a biophysicist from University of
Missouri in the US. Bioprinters can print complex 3D structures with the
combinations of “bioink” and “biopaper.” Today, bio-printing is still at
development stage and is used as scientific tools. In long-term, this
technology is expected to be used for creating replacement organs and human
tissues from raw biological materials.
Advantages:
- Replace human tissue by full body transplant
- Allows scientists to eliminate the wait list of organ transplants ·
- Higher survival rate of printed cells
- Offers high precise resolution
Disadvantages:
- The replacement of molecules or cells within the reconstructed organ is not sure about whether they can fit into a human body as functional tissue
- Large-scale construction increases the complexity associated with transplantation
- Printing capabilities of complicated tissues
- The necessary specifications required for given printing construction (for therapy design, need to be precise and specific)
The Major Components of Bio-printing
An organ is cut horizontally so that scientists can see an array of cells on the surface. The cells are then collected to make BioInk, which change the shape of cells to spheroids. Then the BioInk is placed inside the bio-printer. The spheroids are dropped into hydrogel, which acts as a placeholder. This step is repeated several times to make layers of spheroids which eventually form a 3D tissue.
Products and Company
1. The main company for this
technology is Organovo. This company focuses on the research and
development on bio printing.
2. NovoGen MMX Bioprinter™ is the
main machine that has been developed to meet challenges in biological research
in regards to bio printing.
3. The main
Bioprinter pioneer: Japanese scientist Makoto Nakamura’s modified inkjet
technology.
4. In 2008, he
created a working bio printer that prints out bio tubing similar to a blood
vessel.
Japanese scientist Makoto Nakamura
Development Cost
1. A bio printer
requires huge informational contents of human tissues to print organs.
2. Organovo spends about
$15.2 million of funding to further research bio printing and requires
financial help of investors and donors as well.
3. Information that is
needed for bio-printing is expensive. For example, 1Pb of human
tissue contents is approximately $71,680.
4. Companies need to
spend additional fees on hiring the experts who can operate the bio printer.
Future Use and Technology
1. It could be utilized to create
entire living organs such as heart, liver and kidneys
2. Creation of functional human
beings, which can be printed on demand and reach maturity in few weeks.
3. Newly developed drugs can be
tested out on manufactured cells than on animals and humans. It will lead to a
huge reduction in cost and time.
4. Situ bio printing works by
imprinting cells directly onto human body.
How Prevalent Will the Technology Become?
- The technology will be universally accepted by hospitals because bio printing will be used to print complete organs that are ready for transplant.
- In 20 years, bio printing will be mainstream and accepted.
Barriers to Adoption
1. Bio-printing conflicts with moralities
and cultural and religious beliefs.
2. BIo-printing will increase life span of
people on resource- limited planet earth
3. Increase in world population.
4. “Fountain of Youth”, people will not
grow older and die naturally.
References
Students' names: Dasy Liang, JeongYun Pyo, CHAO(Tong) Du, Helen Lee
Group number: 4
TA: Gianni Mui
Tutorial section:E106
Thank you for sharing this article,.
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to be or not to be, that is the question: 3d bioprinting = Immortality = go to stars ((typewrite: interstellar travel constant acceleration))
ReplyDelete...3d bioprinting-Immortality (mom-printer: not euthanasia)… within 1 century, to die will be "out of fashion"... whereas there is Life there is hope for hook to 1st Immortal Generation… There is not another life in none "life beyond" of lies of religion, religion is lie. The unique Immortality it is coming from We self: Technological Immortality… modified BIOLOGICAL TIMERS...3D BIOPRINTING... on wake up, but...if I am, when I was 18 years old...and still so I remember all my life in the ancient body before…(that is the important: REMEMBER the previous lives after each mortal accident, not remember will serve of nothing because then always you will be living 1 only time without know it)… On the body the important is the head, in the head the important is the brain, in the brain the important is...The Memory...which is, along with Genes and Image, simply, what we are... Your recorded Memory to the new young perfect identical Bioprinted Body and...Immortality...already the accidents do not matter. The Memory is the "soul" (software), our body only is the "automobile" that transport us (hardware)… To what extent are we willing to recognize a friend, or picture yourself, who has received an orthopedic implant after an accident?. Until 1 leg?, besides of leg the 2 arms?, besides of this the chest?, besides of this...where until we still considering to it the same person?... (it´s me!, it´s me!...we would shout without voice, only with head and an extracorporeal machine, on hear to them saying…"well, already we must disconnect to it"). Ultimately, already outside from the physical body, the Memory remains… Wherever our Memory goes, we go away with her… Record the Memory in a electronic format and stored by Law in the Official Data Bans, along with Genes and some Photos of each one, waiting there are in the Future... 1: BIOPRINTED BODIES genetically identical, in image and in all, to the originals in which "revitalize" to the electronic sleepers… 2: SPACE where to live a New and Immortal Life in some Universe´s habitable place... We do not can claim stay all ones here, besides each star and planet they have "expiration date"... "Earth is the cradle of the reason, but is impossible to live eternally in a cradle" (Konstantin E. Tsiolkovski)… ((But...is that…"it" already would be not "Me" of "black paw´s ham"...it would be a "cyborg/clone/avatar/frankenstein"... Are you sure?, because on sleep, lose consciousness, "it" of "black paw´s ham" dies and disappears every night; do not only dies 1 time in the life, dies each night on sleep (die=sleep=fall fainted: switch off and darkness...the unique difference is when sleeping the body continues horizontal living alone vegetal without us, how an empty house no owner occupied)...and on wake up, "it" appears every morning (rebirths)...and our MEMORY instantly auto-recognize us, the same in our own original body which in our new body (new car eh!)… If we would have lost the Memory...we would have lost the Life))… Have to accelerate Research about Memory and the Space´s Colonization… Immortality comes... Memory-Genes-Photo>>Bioprinted Body>>Space...
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